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Q.

Electrons shown in the two figures are in same quantum state. Magnitude of electron’s energy in the box is  2h2ml2. Here, h is planck’s constant,  m is mass of electron,  l is length of the box.
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Considering that magnitude of electron’s energy in 1st orbit of hydrogen atom is  E0, potential energy of electron in the Bohr’s atom shown is  E0x. Find  x.

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answer is 2.

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Detailed Solution

If electronic standing wave has n loops, length of the boc can be written as
  l=nλ2λ=2ln
Momentum as per de-Broglie hypothesis,
          p=hλ=h2ln=nh2l
Therefore, kinetic energy will be
K=p22m=(nh2l)2m=n2h28ml2         2h2ml2=n2h28ml2n=4     .......(i)
Now, potential energy of electron in nth orbit in Bohr’s atom is given by E=2E0Z2n2 
For  He+,  Z=2 and  n=4  [using Eq. (i)]
So, potential energy of electron will be E=2E0(2)242=E02
      |E|=E02      x  =2

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