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Q.

Elements with valency 1 are

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a

Always metals

b

Always metalloids

c

Either metal or non-metal

d

Always non-metals

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Elements with valency 1 are either metals or non-metals (H is non-metal with valency 1)

Metals with Valency 1:

These are alkali metals (Group 1) that have one electron in their outermost shell. They tend to lose this electron to achieve a stable electronic configuration (forming +1 cations).

  • Examples:
    • Hydrogen (H) (acts as a non-metal in most cases but can exhibit metallic behavior under certain conditions)
    • Lithium (Li)
    • Sodium (Na)
    • Potassium (K)
    • Rubidium (Rb)
    • Cesium (Cs)
    • Francium (Fr)

2. Non-Metals with Valency 1:

These are halogens (Group 17) that have seven electrons in their outermost shell. They tend to gain one electron to achieve a stable configuration (forming -1 anions).

  • Examples:
    • Fluorine (F)
    • Chlorine (Cl)
    • Bromine (Br)
    • Iodine (I)
    • Astatine (At)
    • Tennessine (Ts)

Conclusion:

  • Metals with valency 1 are typically electron donors (form positive ions).
  • Non-metals with valency 1 are typically electron acceptors (form negative ion
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