Epicentre is:

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Point where P-waves touch the surface.

Nearest point to the surface from the focus perpendicular to the earth's surface.

Point of intersection of P and S wave fronts.

Antipodal point

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: We shall attempt to understand an epicentre, which is a crucial aspect of this topic.
We've all heard of or perhaps even experienced the earthquake, a natural catastrophe or phenomena. An earthquake is caused by a rapid release of energy in the earth's lithosphere, which generates a seismic wave (also known as a quake, tremor, or tremblor) .
One way to compare earthquakes is to look at the energy they release, which is commonly referred to as their magnitude, as well as the intensity of the shaking (also known as ground motion) and the repercussions on people and society that follow. There are two primary utterances, or places, where the earthquake starts.
1) The region of interest is the starting site of rock fracture. It is where earthquakes start and is also referred to as the hypocentre.
2) Epicentre: The term "epicentre" refers to the place that is immediately above the focus.
The elastic rebound hypothesis proposes that during an earthquake, energy is released in the form of "seismic waves" that propagate away from the focal point. Although seismic waves flow in an equal manner, the results differ.
Body waves (P and S waves) and surface waves are the two different types of waves (Rayleigh waves & Love waves) . These waves, especially P and S waves, are very beneficial in
using the "Triangulation Method" to determine the epicentre. From rocks, P waves propagate more quickly than S waves. As a result, at locations some distance from the epicentre, P waves arrive before S waves. The distance from the earthquake's epicentre affects how long the initial P wave and S wave take to arrive. The time lag between the initial arrivals of P and S waves increases with the distance between the receiving seismograph and the epicentre.
Hence, the correct answer option (2) .

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