Ethanol with H2SO4 at 443k forms ethene while at 413K forms ethoxy ethane. Explain it ?

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Ethanol with H₂SO₄ at 443k forms ethene while at 413K forms ethoxy ethane. Explain it ?

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Detailed Solution

When ethanol is heated with conc.H₂SO₄ at 443k (or) 170°C 1 mole underoges dehydration to form ethene but at 413K 2 moles undergo dehydration to form ether.
$ii) C_{2} H_{5} OH \to_{443 k}^{conc . H_{2} {SO}_{4}} {CH}_{2} = {CH}_{2} + H_{2} O$
$2 C_{2} H_{5} OH \to_{413 K}^{conc . H_{2} {SO}_{4}} C_{2} H_{5} - O - C_{2} H_{5} + H_{2} O$