Q.

Examine the following resonating structures of formic acid for their individual stability and then answer the question given below.

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Which of the following arrangements gives the correct order of decreasing stability of the above-mentioned resonance contributors?

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a

II > I > III > IV

b

I > II > III > IV

c

IV > III > I > II

d

IV > III > I > II

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

I                                  >         II                                >              III                      >            IV

More covalent bond           More covalent bond          Less covalent bond                   Positive charge
complete octet neutral        complete octet                  incomplete octet                             on highly
                                                                                        (O>C                             electronegative     

                                                                                          stability                                   O-atom and negative charge on
                                                                                                                                       less electronegative C-atom                                                                                                                                         

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