Explain different types of cofactors.

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Detailed Solution

Cofactors : Non protein constituents of enzyme are called cofactors.
* Cofactors are of 3 types namely prosthetic group, coenzymes and metal ions.
* Prosthetic group - Organic cofactors tightly bound to the apoenzyme.

Eg: Haem of peroxidase and catalase.
* Coenzymes-Organic cofactors loosely bound to the apoenzyme.
Eg : NAD and NADP contain the vitamin niacin.
* Metal ions-Inorganic cofactor forms coordination bonds with side chains at the active site and substrate

Eg : Zinc for carboxypeptidase.

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