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Explain laws of reflection

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Detailed Solution

The two laws of reflection are: (1) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and (2) The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal lie on the same plane.

Law 1: Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection

If a light ray strikes a mirror at an angle of 30°, it will reflect at 30°.

Law 2: Incident Ray, Normal, and Reflected Ray lie in Same Plane

All three lines are coplanar, meaning they are in the same flat surface.

Applications

Used in periscopes and mirrors.
Important in optical instruments like microscopes and telescopes.
Applies to smooth surfaces like mirrors.

These laws are universal and hold true for both plane and curved mirrors.

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