Explain the process of photosynthesis in terms of reactants and products.

Photosynthesis is a biochemical process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy. The reactants of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide (CO₂) from air and water (H₂O) from soil. With the help of chlorophyll and sunlight, plants transform these into glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂). The overall chemical equation is:

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Here, glucose is the main product, which provides energy and serves as a building material for growth. Oxygen is a byproduct, which is released into the atmosphere. This process not only sustains plants but also supports life on Earth, as oxygen is vital for respiration in animals and humans.