Explain the terms vaporization and boiling point

Vaporization means liquid changing into gas. Boiling point is the temperature where this happens throughout the liquid because its vapor pressure matches external pressure.

What sets the boiling point

• External pressure: lower pressure lowers boiling point; higher pressure raises it.
• Solutes: dissolved substances usually increase the boiling point.
• Intermolecular forces: stronger attractions give higher boiling points.

Everyday examples

• Water boils near 100°C at sea level but around 90–95°C on high mountains.
• Pressure cookers raise pressure so water boils well above 100°C.