Explain why Khadar is more fertile than Bhangar

Khadar soil is more fertile than Bhangar primarily because it is annually replenished with fresh, nutrient-rich alluvial deposits by river floods.

Think of it like this: The Khadar soil area is like a garden bed that gets a fresh layer of rich compost added to it for free every year. The river acts as a conveyor belt, bringing down fine silt, clay, and organic matter from the mountains and depositing it in the floodplains. This constant renewal ensures the soil remains rich in essential nutrients like potash, lime, and magnesium.

In contrast, Bhangar soil is older and located in areas that are no longer flooded. Over centuries, rainwater has leached (washed away) many of its nutrients down into the lower soil layers, and it doesn't receive the annual top-up of fresh silt. This makes it less fertile over time.