Find the wrong statement(s) from the following

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A positively charged atom can always receive pair of electrons to form covalent bond

An electrophile must be positively charged

Heterolytic fission of covalent bond always leads to formation of oppositely charged ions

$F - {CH}_{2}^{-}$ Is more unstable carbocation than ${CH}_{3}^{+}$ carbocation

answer is A, B, C, D.

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Detailed Solution

(a) positively charged Atom may not be able to receive a pair of electron to form covalent bonds. N has 8 valence electrons and no low dying d-orbital. Therefore, it cannot accept any electron in spite of being positively charged.

(b) BF₃ can act as electrophile as Boron is short of octet. Similarly, CO₂ too can act as electrophile but they are not positively charged. There for electrophile need not be positively charged.
(c) When a positively charged Atom receives electron pair in heterolytic fission, it becomes neutral.

The above carbocation is highly stabilized by the +M effect of Fluorine.
(When halogen is directly attached to any carbocation, its +M effect dominates over its -I effect)

Hence, (A), (B), (C) and (D) are correct.

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