Following conclusions can be derived from the above equation.
I. Total vapour pressure of the solution is related to the mole fraction of any one component.
II. Total vapour pressure of the solution varies exponentially with the mole fraction of component 2.
III.Depending on the vapour pressure of pure components 1 and 2, total vapour pressure over the solution decreases or increases with the increase of the mole fraction of component 1.
Select the correct conclusions derived from the given equation.

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Both I and III

Both II and III

I, II and III

Both I and Il

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

$\begin{aligned} p_{total} = x_{1} p_{1}^{\circ} + x_{2} p_{2}^{\circ} = (1 - x_{2}) p_{1}^{\circ} + x_{2} p_{2}^{\circ} \\ = p_{1}^{\circ} + (p_{2}^{\circ} - p_{1}^{\circ}) x_{2} \end{aligned}$
Following conclusions can be drawn from the above equation.
(i) Total vapour pressure over the solution can be related to the mole fraction of any one component.
(ii) Total vapour pressure over the solution varies linearly with the mole fraction of component.
(iii) Depending upon the vapour pressure of the pure components 1 and 2,total vapour pressure of the solution decreases or increases with the increase of mole fraction
of component 1