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Q.

For any substance, why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state?


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a

Due to kinetic energy

b

Due to potential energy

c

Both (1) and (2)

d

None of the above 

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- A change of state of matter occurs when a solid turns into a liquid and a liquid turns into a gas. This change is caused by the transfer of thermal energy at a constant temperature. Some common changes of state are melting, freezing, condensation, sublimation, deposition, and evaporation.
The thermal energy applied during this change of state of matter is used to break intermolecular forces and other attractive forces. This is due to latent heat, as the heat supplied to raise the temperature of a substance is used up in the change of state of the substances so that the temperature remains constant. Therefore, no external heat is absorbed or released.
Energy is transferred to the substance as heat, causing the molecules to move more violently. For example, on heating solids, the vibration of atoms increases as a result. In liquids and gases, the heat transferred increases the kinetic energy and thus the speed of the molecules. Since the temperature of a substance is a measure of the kinetic energy of the molecules, this explains the generally observed rise in temperature when heat is supplied to the substance.
Hence, the correct answer is option 1.
 
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For any substance, why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state?