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Q.

For Gauss's law, mark the correct statement(s). 

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a

If we displace the enclosed charges (within a Gaussian surface) without crossing the boundary, then both E and ϕ remain same. 

b

If we displace the enclosed charges without crossing the boundary, then E changes but ϕ remains the same. 

c

If the charge crosses the boundary then both E and ϕ would change.

d

If the charge crosses the boundary, then ϕ changes but E remains the same. 

answer is B, C.

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Detailed Solution

ϕ crossing through Gaussian surface does not depend on the location of charge, while E depends on it. If q crosses the boundary then qenclosed changes and hence the flux and E also change. 

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For Gauss's law, mark the correct statement(s).