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Q.

Fructose is absorbed into the blood through mucosa cells of intestine by the process called

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a

facilitated transport

b

co-transport mechanism

c

simple diffusion

d

active transport

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The monosaccharide fructose is absorbed and transported by facilitated diffusion. The monosaccharides glucose and galactose are transported into the epithelial cells by common protein carriers via secondary active transport (that is, co-transport with sodium ions). Short chains of two amino acids (dipeptides) or three amino acids (tripeptides) are absorbed by active transport. The small size of short-chain fatty acids is absorbed by enterocytes via simple diffusion, and then take the same path as monosaccharides and amino acids into the blood capillary of a villus. The products of nucleic acid digestion—pentose sugars, nitrogenous bases, and phosphate ions—are transported by carriers across the villus epithelium via active transport. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are absorbed along with dietary lipids in micelles via simple diffusion. Water absorption is driven by the concentration gradient of the water.

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