Given below are two statements. One is labelled Assertion (A) and the other is labelled Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Secondary treatment of sewage is a biological process.
Reason (R): Secondary treatment of sewage involving the action of microbes.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is true but (R) is false.

Both (A) and (R) are false.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

In the process of secondary treatment of sewage, biological processes are employed to further treat the effluent from the primary treatment stage. This stage aims to remove dissolved and colloidal organic matter that remains after primary treatment.

The reason (R) is a correct explanation for the assertion (A) is because the action of microbes, specifically aerobic microbes, is essential in this stage. These microbes break down the remaining organic matter through a process called aerobic digestion, where oxygen is supplied to support their growth. The vigorous growth of these aerobic microbes leads to the formation of flocs, which are masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments, creating mesh-like structures that aid in the removal of organic matter.

Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are accurate, and the reason justifies the assertion.

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