Given below are two statements. One is labelled Assertion (A) and the other is labelled Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Glucocorticoid is known as anti-diuretic hormone.
Reason (R): Glucocorticoids mainly act on stimulate the formation of urine.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is true but (R) is false.

Both (A) and (R) are false.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Both (A) and (R) are false.

Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones primarily produced by the adrenal cortex, such as cortisol. Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. ADH plays a key role in regulating water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, thereby reducing urine output.

Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and proteolysis; and inhibit cellular uptake and utilisation of amino acids. Cortisol is also involved in maintaining the cardio-vascular system as well as the kidney functions.Glucocorticoids can promote sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to water retention and reduced urine output. Additionally, they can have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

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