Given below are two statements.

Statement I  : A single stranded DNA or RNA, tagged with a radioactive molecule is called probe.

Statement II : Such probes are essential for autoradiography, in detecting mutations in humans.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both statement I and statement II are correct.

Autoradiography serves as a fundamental tool in detecting genetic mutations and uncovering human disorders, particularly with the aid of hybridisation probes. Hybridisation probes, typically single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules labeled with a radioactive isotope, are designed to bind specifically to complementary sequences within a sample. When these probes hybridise with their target sequences, they form stable complexes that emit radioactive signals. Autoradiography enables the visualisation of these signals, providing a precise means to locate and identify the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences.

Autoradiography serves to detect mutations and human disorders. It facilitate the identification of genetic mutations, deletions, insertions, or other variations associated with various diseases. By hybridising with mutated DNA or RNA sequences, these probes allow researchers to pinpoint the genetic abnormalities underlying disorders such as cancer, genetic syndromes, and hereditary diseases. This knowledge is pivotal for accurate diagnosis, prognosis, genetic counseling, and the development of targeted therapies tailored to individual patients.