Q.

Given below are two statements. 

Statement I : Dark phase reactions of photosynthesis are temperature controlled.
Statement II : Dark phase reactions are enzymatic reactions.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below. 

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a

Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect. 

b

Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct. 

c

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct  

d

Both statement I and statement II are incorrect. 

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Statement I is true. The dark phase reactions of photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions, are indeed temperature-controlled. These reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplasts and are enzymatically mediated. The activity of enzymes involved in the Calvin cycle is affected by temperature, with optimal temperatures typically ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius in most plants. At lower temperatures, enzyme activity decreases, slowing down the rate of carbon fixation and overall photosynthesis. Conversely, at higher temperatures, enzyme denaturation can occur, impairing the function of the Calvin cycle enzymes and reducing photosynthetic efficiency.

Statement II is also true. The dark phase reactions of photosynthesis are indeed enzymatic reactions. Enzymes catalyze the series of chemical reactions that occur during the Calvin cycle, facilitating the fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic molecules, such as glucose. Enzymes involved in the Calvin cycle include ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and various other enzymes responsible for the conversion of intermediates in the cycle. These enzymes play critical roles in the synthesis of carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and are essential for the production of organic compounds in photosynthetic organisms.

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