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Q.
Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Low temperature preserves the enzyme in a temporarily inactive state whereas high temperature destroys enzymatic activity because proteins are denatured by heat.
Statement II: When the inhibitor closely resembles the substrate in its molecular structure and inhibits the activity of the enzyme, it is known as a competitive inhibitor.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
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a
Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.
b
Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.
c
Both statement I and statement II are correct.
d
Both statement I and statement II are incorrect.
answer is B.
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Detailed Solution

Both statement I and statement II are correct.
S I: Enzymes generally function at a narrow range of temperatures. Each enzyme shows its highest activity at a particular temperature, called the optimum temperature. Enzyme activity declines below and above the optimum value. Low temperature temporarily inactivates the enzyme. High temperature permanently denatures
The 3D structure of a protein, thus destroying its enzymatic activity.
S II: A molecule, due to its close structural similarity with the substrate, competes with it for the substrate binding site of the enzyme. Consequently, the substrate cannot bind to the enzyme. As a result, the enzyme activity declines, e.g., inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by malonate, which closely resembles the substrate succinate in structure.