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Q.

Given below are two statements. 

Statement I: Prokaryotic cells are generally simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells.
Statement II : The shape of the cell may vary with the function they perform.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

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a

Both Statement I and Statement II are wrong

b

Statement I is wrong, Statement II is correct

c

Statement I is correct, Statement II is wrong

d

Both Statement I and Statement II are true

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Statement-I is true. Prokaryotic cells are generally simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, which are characteristic of eukaryotic cells. Instead, prokaryotic cells typically have a single circular chromosome located in a nucleoid region, along with ribosomes and other cellular structures. Overall, the structural organization of prokaryotic cells is less complex than that of eukaryotic cells.

Statement-II is true. The shape of a cell can vary depending on its function. Cells have specific shapes that are suited to their particular roles in an organism. For example, muscle cells are elongated and have a cylindrical shape, which allows them to contract and generate force. Nerve cells have long extensions called axons, which transmit electrical impulses over long distances. Epithelial cells lining the surface of organs may be flat, cuboidal, or columnar, depending on the function of the tissue they form. The shape of a cell is often correlated with its specialized function within the organism.

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