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Q.

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: The Bt toxin is not toxic to human beings.
Statement II: The Bt toxin is insect-group specific.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

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a

Both statement I and statement II are incorrect.

b

Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

c

Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.

d

Both statement I and statement II are correct.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Statement I is true. Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxins are a group of proteins produced by certain strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. These toxins have been widely used in agriculture as bio-pesticides. They are specific in their mode of action, primarily affecting specific groups of insects, such as caterpillars, beetles, and mosquitoes. Bt toxins target the insect's gut, which contains receptors that the toxin binds to. Human beings and other mammals do not have these specific receptors in their gut, which makes them largely unaffected by Bt toxins. 

Statement II is also true. Bt toxins are insect-group specific, which means that they primarily target specific groups of insects while sparing other non-target organisms. Different strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce Bt toxins that affect specific insect orders or families, such as Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Coleoptera (beetles), or Diptera (flies). This specificity makes Bt toxins valuable tools for pest control in agriculture and as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical insecticides because they can target pests while having minimal impact on beneficial insects, wildlife, and humans.

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