Given below are two statements.

Statement I : The two main regions of the kidney are the superficial, light red region called the renal cortex and the deep, dark red region called the renal medulla.

Statement II : The osmolarity of the renal cortex is much higher than that of the renal medulla and this gradient helps in the concentration of urine.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

The kidney does have two main regions: the renal cortex, which is the outer region, and the renal medulla, which is the inner region.

The osmolarity (concentration of solutes) is actually higher in the renal medulla (1200 mOsm/L) compared to the renal cortex (300 mOsm/L). This osmotic gradient is crucial for the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. The renal medulla has a progressively increasing osmolarity from the outer to the inner regions, while the renal cortex has a lower osmolarity.