Gregor Mendel is also known as the father of genetics.

Concept: Gregor Mendel was a biologist who worked extensively on the pea plant and studied the patterns of inheritance in them. He is also known as the father of genetics. Inheritance is the process of the transfer of genes from the parents to the progeny.

Mendel came up with three laws to establish the principles of inheritance. These laws were, the Law of Dominance, Law of Segregation, and Law of Independent Assortment.

The Law of Dominance states that the gene occurs in the form of alleles and one allele is dominant over the other. The dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele and it expresses itself phenotypically.

Law of Segregation states that during the formation of gametes the two alleles that are present in an organism segregate and only one allele is transferred in the gametes.

The Law of Independent Assortment states that the two alleles segregate into the gametes independently of each other and hence get equal opportunities to occur together or separately.

Hence, the correct answer is option A.