$Δ H_{f}^{0} (298 K)$ of methanol is given by the chemical equation :

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$C H_{4} (g) + \frac{1}{2} O_{2} (g) \to C H_{3} O H (g)$

$C (g r a p h i t e) + \frac{1}{2} O_{2} (g) + 2 H_{2} (g) \to C H_{3} O H (l)$

$C (d i a m o n d) + \frac{1}{2} O_{2} (g) + 2 H_{2} (g) \to C H_{3} O H (l)$

$C O (g) + 2 H_{2} (g) \to C H_{3} O H (l)$

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Heat of formation is defined as the heat exchange when one mole of a compound is formed from its constitutent elements at STP.
In case of allotropes, most stable allotrope is taken into account. Among graphite and diamond, graphite is stable.
Hence, heat of formation of $C H_{3} O H$ is represented by
$C (g r a p h i t e) + \frac{1}{2} O_{2} (g) + 2 H_{2} (g) \to C H_{3} O H (l)$