How can you separate mixtures into pure substances?

Mixtures can be separated into pure substances using physical methods based on differences in their properties like size, density, boiling point, or solubility. Common separation methods include:

• Filtration: Used to separate solids from liquids (e.g., sand from water).
• Evaporation: Used to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid (e.g., salt from saltwater).
• Distillation: Separates liquids with different boiling points (e.g., alcohol and water).
• Magnetic separation: Used when one component is magnetic (e.g., iron from sand).
• Chromatography: Separates dissolved substances based on their movement through a medium (used in inks or dyes).

These processes do not change the chemical composition of substances; they only separate them physically. In simple terms, mixtures can be broken down into their pure components by applying suitable physical techniques, depending on the nature of the mixture.