How does a reflex action differ from a voluntary action?

Reflex actions and voluntary actions differ in several ways. Reflex actions are rapid and automatic responses to stimuli that do not require conscious thought or effort. These responses are controlled by the spinal cord or other lower-level nervous structures and do not involve the brain's conscious processing.

On the other hand, voluntary actions are purposeful movements that are consciously controlled and initiated by the brain. These actions are generally slower and require a conscious decision-making process to occur.