How is charge quantized?

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Charges can take on discrete values that are multiples of charge on electron

Charges can take on discrete values that are multiples of charge on neutron

Charges can take on any continuous value

Charges can take on any discontinuous value

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: Keep in mind that all charges are defined in terms of an elementary charge, which is typically taken to be the amount of charge that an electron or proton possesses. Determine the amount of charge that charged objects possess in this situation provided that charge is quantized, meaning that they will be discretely distributed in terms of the elementary charge and cannot possess continuous or arbitrary quantities of charge. In order to achieve this, determine the nature of the charge distribution and identify the initial quantity that quantized the charges.
Discrete and discontinuous values are what we mean when we say something is quantized. In essence, it indicates that they are an integral multiple of the other value. When we state that a charge is quantized, we are limiting the possible value of the charge to integral multiples of another quantity. This amount, known as the elementary charge, is equal to the magnitude of charge held by an electron or a proton and is expressed as:

e = 1.6 \times 10^{- 19}

Inferring that any charged particle can have a charge equal to some integral number of e, or

Q = ne

, where n=1, 2, 3,..., charge quantization indicates that any charged particle can have a charge.
As a result, only values that are integral multiples of the basic charge can be assigned to the concept of charge.
In an effort to determine the fundamental electric charge, Millikan's oil-drop experiment gave rise to the idea of quantization of charge. In order to balance the forces of gravity, viscosity, and electricity, a small drop of oil was made to travel in a known electric field. The size and motion of the oil drop were used to calculate the gravitational and viscous forces, from which the electric force could be inferred. The charge of the oil drop was calculated because the electric force is nothing more than the sum of the electric charge and the known electric field. According to cumulative measurements of the charges of numerous separate oil drops, all charged particles had charges that were integer multiples of the elementary charge e.
This is how we can verify that a charge has been quantized.
Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

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