How Is Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transported in Human Beings?

In human beings, oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported through blood with the help of red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma.

• Oxygen Transport:
  • Oxygen enters the blood in the lungs and binds with hemoglobin in red blood cells.
  • This forms oxyhemoglobin, which is carried to body tissues.
  • In tissues, oxygen is released for cellular respiration.
• Carbon Dioxide Transport:
  • Carbon dioxide produced in tissues diffuses into the blood.
  • About 70% is transported as bicarbonate ions in plasma.
  • Around 20–25% binds with hemoglobin (carbaminohemoglobin).
  • The rest is dissolved directly in plasma.
  • CO₂ is carried to the lungs, where it is released during exhalation.