How much ethyl alcohol must be added to 1.0 L of water so that solution will not freeze at $- 4^{\circ} F ? (K_{f} = {1.86}^{\circ} C / m)$

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<20 g

< 10.75 g

< 494.5 g

> 494.5 g

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

$\begin{array}{l} - 4^{\circ} F = - 20^{\circ} C; ∴ {ΔT}_{f} = 20^{\circ} C \\ {ΔT}_{f} = k_{f} \cdot m \cdot \Rightarrow m = \frac{20}{1 .86} = 10 .75 \end{array}$
mass of C₂H₅OH required
$\Rightarrow 10.75 x 46 \Rightarrow 494.5 g$

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