How to apply ammonium sulfate safely to soil

Applying ammonium sulfate safely involves protecting yourself, the crop, and the soil. The main risks are leaf burn (foliar scorch), skin/eye irritation, and over-application.

1. Personal Safety (PPE):

Ammonium sulfate is a salt and can be irritating. Always wear:

• Gloves: To prevent skin irritation.
• Long Sleeves and Pants: To protect skin.
• Eye Protection: Safety glasses to protect from dust.
• Dust Mask: Especially important when applying the granular product in dry, windy conditions to avoid respiratory irritation.

2. Crop Safety (Application Methods):

The primary rule is to avoid contact with plant foliage, especially when wet, as the salt can draw moisture out of the leaves and cause burn.

• Broadcasting: Spreading the granules evenly over the soil surface *before* planting (pre-plant) or early in the crop's life. It's best to irrigate immediately after application to dissolve the granules and move the nitrogen into the soil.
• Banding (Sidedressing): Applying the fertilizer in a band in the soil several inches to the side of and below the seed or plant roots. This is highly efficient and keeps the fertilizer away from the foliage.
• Fertigation: Dissolving the (highly soluble) ammonium sulfate in irrigation water. This is a safe and effective way to apply it, but ensure the concentration is not too high.
• Warning: Never apply granules directly onto wet leaves or plant crowns. If granules do get on foliage, wash them off immediately.

3. Soil Safety:

• Know Your pH: Ammonium sulfate is acidifying. Do not apply it to soils that are already acidic (pH < 5.5) unless you are also applying lime to correct the acidity.
• Incorporate or Water In: While the ammonium () form is not very volatile (unlike urea), it's still best practice to incorporate the fertilizer into the soil or water it in to prevent any potential, minor ammonia loss and ensure it gets to the roots.