How to safely restore and protect antique copper vessels

1. Remove loose corrosion/patina gently using brush or soft tool; avoid deep mechanical abrasion.
2. Clean the vessel with a mild citric acid solution (e.g., diluted lemon juice) only once or briefly, rinse thoroughly with clean water to remove copper salts and acid residues.
3. Neutralise remaining acid (a weak alkaline rinse) and dry completely.
4. Apply a protective barrier: for example microcrystalline wax, lacquer or clear polymer coating to prevent exposure to moisture, chlorides and pollutants.
5. Store in low-humidity, stable environment; avoid air with salt or sulphur compounds which accelerate patina formation or “bronze disease” (chloride-driven corrosion) on copper alloys.
6. Avoid frequent acid cleaning; inspect periodically. Keep documentation of original finish if it’s historically valuable.

By using mild cleaning, full rinsing, and protective coating you preserve both aesthetics and structural integrity of the antique vessel.