Identify the correct statement.
a. The maximum concentration of alcohol in naturally fermented beverages is up to 13%
b. The net gain of ATP in both alcohol and lactic acid fermentation is 2.
c. ${CO}_{2}$ is released during alcohol fermentation but not in lactic acid fermentation.

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a and b only

b and c only

a and c only

a, b and c

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The maximum concentration of alcohol in naturally fermented beverages is up to 13%. This is because yeasts poison themselves to death at an alcohol concentration of 13%.
The net gain of ATP in both the types of fermentation is 2 ATP. The NADH produced during glycolysis is again oxidized to ${NAD}^{+}$ during fermentation.
${CO}_{2}$ is released only during alcoholic fermentation. Here pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon compound is converted to 2 carbon compound ethyl alcohol and ${CO}_{2}$ is released.