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Q.

Identify the species in which the natural selection should favor the highest proportion of juxtamedullary nephrons.

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a

Kangaroo rat

b

River horse

c

House rat

d

Kashmiri stag

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

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Juxta medullary nephrons have long loops of Henle. These nephrons help in production of concentrated urine. Concentrated urine helps in water conservation. Prevention of water loss is a very important xeric adaptation. Such an adaptation is vital for desert animals like kangaroo rat and hence natural selection should favor the high proportion of juxtamedullary nephrons in them.

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