In an experiment with a glass slab, a student measures the angle of incidence to be 40^o. For this particular ray of light, he also measures the angles of refraction and emergence, but the information is lost. Which of the following readings for the angle of refraction and angle of emergence are most likely to be correct?

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$∠ r = 40^{°}$ and $∠ e {=50}^{°}$

$∠ r {= 45}^{°}$ and $∠ e {=40}^{°}$

$∠ r {=50}^{°}$ and $∠ e {=40}^{°}$

$∠ r {=35}^{°}$ and $∠ e {=40}^{°}$

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

We know that when a ray of light passes from one medium to another, it refracts.
When a light beam passes through a glass slab, it bends towards the normal, resulting in a lesser angle of refraction than the angle of incidence.
When it emerges through the slab into the air again, however, it bends away from the normal and becomes parallel to the incoming ray, resulting in the angle of emergence becoming equal to the angle of incidence.