In gymnosperms, the male and female gametophyte.
I. Do not have independent free living existence.
II. Remain within the sporangia retained on parent sporophyte.
III. May be born on same or different tree.
IV. Perform meiosis to produce gametes.

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I and II

II and III

III and IV

I, II and III

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

In gymnosperms, gametophyte is always dependent on sporophyte. They are retained on sporophyte. Cycas is dioecious and Pinus is monoecious. Spores(n) are produced from spore mother cells(2n) by meiosis.

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