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Q.

In metal carbonyls, metal ligand σ bond is formed 
by: 

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a

 Vacant orbital of metal and lone pair of carbon 

b

Vacant d-orbital and occupied π orbital of 
ligand 

c

Occupied d-orbital and vacant π orbital of 
ligand 

d

Vacant orbital of metal and lone pair of oxygen

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

It is created by π-acid ligands such as CO. π-acid ligands have a single pair of electrons to donate to the metal atom and an empty antibonding molecular orbital for back bonding with the metal atom's d-orbital electrons.
So, option A is correct answer.

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