In most food chains,

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there are fewer individuals at the top predator level than at the second trophic level

there is less usable energy at the herbivore level than at the carnivore level

there are few individuals at the decomposer level

there is less usable energy at the auto-trophic level than at the carnivore level

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

In most of the ecosystems, producers (first trophic level) are more in number and biomass than the herbivores, and herbivores (second trophic level) are more in number and biomass than the carnivores (third or higher trophic level). Furthermore, energy at the lower trophic level is always more than that at any trophic level in a food chain (10 percent law).

Top predators of a food chain are the carnivores within the community that have no predators of their own. They are usually less in number as compared to other trophic levels. Hence, in a food chain, there are fewer individuals at the top predator level than at the second trophic level.

When the top predators die, their remains are broken down and decomposed by the decomposers, bacteria and fungi.

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