In the early 19th century, the colonial state thought that forests were [[1]].

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answer is UNPRODUCTIVE.

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Detailed Solution

In the early 19th century, the colonial state thought that forests were unproductive.
The British cut large areas of forest in India. They cleared the forests to use it for plantation. During the colonial period cultivation was increased rapidly by the British. They encouraged the cultivation of commercial crops like wheat, sugar, and cotton. This was because they needed raw materials for increasing industrial production and food grains were required to feed their people. So the demand for these products has increased. They also considered the forest as unproductive. They thought that forest had to be brought under cultivation by clearing it so that they can make more revenue through it and get more agricultural products.

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