In the electrolysis of alumina, cryolite is added to

The correct options are
1) lower the melting point of alumina.
The electrolysis of pure alumina faces some difficulties. Pure alumina is a bad conductor of electricity. The fusion temperature of pure alumina is about 2000∘C and at this temperature when electrolysis is carried out on the fused mass, the metal formed vaporizes, as the boiling point of aluminium is 1800∘C. These difficulties are overcome by using a mixture containing alumina, cryolite (Na₃,AlF₆), and fluorspar (CaF₂,). But the addition of cryolite do not minimize the anode effect and do not remove the impurities from alumina.