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Q.

In the formation of Bakelite, the initial reaction between phenol and formaldehyde is

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a

Electrophillic substitution

b

Nucleophillic substitution

c

Electrophillic addition

d

Nucleophillic addition

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

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  • Bakelite is obtained by the condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of either an acid or a base catalyst. 
  • The reaction starts with the initial formation of o-and/or p-hydroxymethylphenol derivatives, which further react with phenol to form compounds having rings joined to each other through–CH2 groups.
  • Phenol has -OH in the aromatic ring and thus, involves in conjugation. It behaves as an ortho/para directing group.
  • As formaldehyde behaves as an electrophile, it attacks at ortho/para positions on phenol.
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