In which of the following covalent bonds does not exist?

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N H_{3}

CaC l_{2}

C H_{4}

CC l_{4}

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Covalent bonds do not exist in $CaC l_{2}$ _.
The atoms in a molecule share electrons that lead to the formation of bonds known as covalent bonds. The electrons of both atoms are involved in the bond-making process. The atoms which have less electronegativity difference between them, the bonds are usually formed between such atoms only. An atom shares its valence electrons with other atoms of the same element or with atoms of other elements to complete its octet and attain the nearest noble gas configuration. Such a type of bonding is called a covalent bond.

The ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons between two atoms. The covalent bond exists in $CC l_{4}$ , $C H_{4}$ and $N H_{3}$ _, since electrons are shared between the atoms to attain stability. In the case of $CaC l_{2}$ , the calcium gives up an electrons to each chlorine atom, becoming $C a^{2 +}$ ions, and chlorine becomes $C l^{-}$ ions. Such a type of bonding between the atoms is ionic bonding, not covalent bonding.