In which species does the central atom have one or more lone pairs of valence electrons?

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${AlCl}_{4}^{-}$

${CO}_{2}$

${PCl}_{4}^{+}$

${SO}_{2}$

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

S is the primary element in the SO2 molecule, whereas O is its neighbour.
Bond pairings = other elements in the formula besides the primary element + 2
Number of lone pairs = $1 / 2 \times$ (No. of the central atom's valence electrons - Total No. of bonds present between the central element and the surrounding elements) = $1 / 2 \times$ (6 - 4) = 1

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