Industrialization in Europe led to -

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Unemployment and Poverty

Long working hours

Both 1 and 2

None of the above

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Industrialization in Europe led to the following changes-
As a result of industrialisation, men, women, and children all worked in factories. The salary was poor, and working hours were sometimes long. Problems with unemployment and poverty were unusual in the countryside, but as industrialization expanded, these challenges spread widely. Unemployment was frequent, especially when there was minimal demand for manufactured goods. As a result of mass migration to cities, housing and sanitary difficulties arose as a result of mass migration to cities. Workers in England and Germany formed groups to strive for better living and working circumstances. These organisations worked closely with the German Social Democratic Party (SPD) to help it gain seats in parliament. By 1905, socialists and labour activists had founded the Labour Party in the United Kingdom and the Socialist Party in France. Labour organisations and trade unions impacted socialist ideology. Socialism's rise transformed the political environment. These labour organisations demanded a share of the political pie.

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