Larger number of oxidation states are exhibited by the actinoids than those by the lanthanoids, the main reason being :

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4forbitals are more diffused than the 5forbitals.

lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d than between 4f and 5d orbitals.

more energy difference between 5f and 6d than between 4f and 5d orbitals

more reactive nature of the actinides than the lanthanides

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The actinoids have a greater variety of oxidation states than do lanthanoids, mostly due to the fact that there is less energy difference between the 5f and 6d orbitals than between the 4f and 5d orbitals.

Because the energy difference between the 5f and 6d orbitals is smaller than that between the 4f and 5d orbitals, the actinides exhibit a greater variety of oxidation states than do the lanthanides.

Actinides therefore exhibit a wide range of oxidation states since electron excitation is simple and easy.

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