Light a Bunsen burner and adjust the air hole at the base to get different types of flames/ presence of smoke. When do you get a yellow, sooty flame?

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For complete combustion of saturated compounds.

For complete combustion of unsaturated compounds.

For incomplete combustion of both saturated and unsaturated compounds.

Both 2 and 3

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- When a substance burns in air, it may burn completely or incompletely. The blue light corresponds to the high temperature zone of the burner. The yellow light corresponds to the low temperature zone of the burner.
Now, saturated compounds when burned in the presence of oxygen give a bright flame or a blue flame due to complete combustion. Combustion of an unsaturated compound in the presence of air produces a yellow flame with lots of black smoke.
Saturated compounds also produce a sooty flame due to insufficient air supply. Insufficient air supply causes incomplete combustion of saturated hydrocarbons.
So when we light a Bunsen burner and adjust the air hole in the base to get different flame types/smoke presence, we get a yellow, dirty flame if the burner holes are clogged and the substance doesn't have enough oxygen. and we get a blue flame if the burner holes are opened and the substance is sufficiently supplied with oxygen.
Hence, the correct option is (4).

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