List the factors affecting electrode potential.

Electrode potential is the potential difference developed between a metal electrode and its ions in solution when the electrode is dipped into that solution. Several factors affect electrode potential:

1. Nature of the Metal: Different metals have different tendencies to lose or gain electrons. For example, alkali metals lose electrons more readily than noble metals.
2. Concentration of Ions: According to the Nernst equation, the electrode potential depends on the concentration of ions in solution. Higher ion concentration leads to higher electrode potential.
3. Temperature: Increasing temperature changes the kinetic energy of ions and electrons, thereby altering electrode potential.
4. Pressure of Gases: For gas electrodes like hydrogen or oxygen electrodes, pressure of the gas directly influences the electrode potential.
5. Type of Solvent: The medium in which the electrode is dipped also affects ion solvation and mobility, thus influencing potential.
6. Surface Characteristics of Electrode: Clean, pure surfaces have different potentials compared to corroded or impure electrodes.

In short, electrode potential is not constant but varies with ionic concentration, temperature, pressure, and the electrode’s chemical nature.