Loudness of sound is determined by:

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Frequency of the vibrating body

Amplitude of the vibrating body

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Vibration of the vibrating body

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Detailed Solution

Amplitude of the vibrating body

The loudness of sound is determined by its amplitude. The greater the amplitude of vibration, the louder the sound is perceived.

Detailed Explanation:

What is Loudness?
Loudness is a measure of how strong or intense a sound appears to the human ear. It is a subjective quality because it varies based on the listener's sensitivity.
Role of Amplitude in Loudness:
- The amplitude of a sound wave refers to the maximum distance a vibrating particle moves from its mean position.
- A larger amplitude produces stronger air vibrations, resulting in louder sounds. For example, when the cone of a loudspeaker vibrates over a longer distance, the air disturbance increases, leading to a louder sound.
Mathematical Relation:
The loudness of sound is proportional to the square of the amplitude. If the amplitude doubles, the loudness increases fourfold.
Soft vs. Loud Sounds:
- When the amplitude is small, the sound is soft.
- When the amplitude is large, the sound is loud.