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Q.

Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance is influenced by

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a

aldosterone and thyroxine

b

ADH and prolactin

c

oxytocin and prolactin

d

thyrocalcitonin and oxytocin

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Both aldosterone and thyroxine play an important role in the maintenance of water and electrolyte balance. 

  • Aldosterone: Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, specifically the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys, where it promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions from the urine back into the bloodstream. This leads to increased water reabsorption as well, since water tends to follow sodium. At the same time, aldosterone increases the excretion of potassium ions in the urine. By controlling sodium and potassium levels, aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure and overall fluid balance.
  • Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3): Thyroxine and triiodothyronine are hormones produced by the thyroid gland. They are primarily responsible for regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body. While they do have indirect effects on fluid balance and electrolytes through their influence on metabolic rate, they are not the primary regulators of water and electrolyte balance.
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