Q.

Maleic acid and fumaric acids are

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a

 Conformational isomers

 

b

 Geometrical isomers

c

Optical isomers 

d

 Structural isomers

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

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Because they have the same molecular formula but a different spatial arrangement of atoms around a double bond, fumaric and maleic acid appear to be geometrical isomers.

When similar groups are present on the same side of a double bond, the isomer is known as cis; when different groups are present on the same side of a double bond, the isomer is known as trans. As a result, maleic acid has a cis form and fumaric acid has a transform. 

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Maleic acid and fumaric acids are